Understanding Depression

Although sadness touches all our lives, true depression is different in its intensity and persistence. According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), during a given year, approximately one in 10 adults will experience depression. The condition can occur at any age in both men and women, but it is more common in women.

What's the cause?

A combination of factors can cause depression. Some cases are triggered by a stressful experience, such as the death of a loved one or loss of a job. Some illnesses, such as heart attack or cancer, also can cause depression, as can alcohol and drug abuse.

The risk for depression also can be inherited, and events such as stress at home, work, or school can cause it.

Lingering symptoms

According to the NIMH, an adult who’s depressed will have at least three or more of these symptoms nearly every day, for much of the day, for at least two weeks:

• Feeling sad, blue, or hopeless

• Loss of interest or pleasure in ordinary activities once enjoyed

• Sleep problems, including waking up early in the morning or sleeping too much

• Change in eating habits

• Being anxious, pessimistic, or worried

• Feeling guilty, helpless, or worthless

• Difficulty concentrating

• Thoughts of death or suicide, or a suicide attempt

You can get help

If you think you could be depressed, see your doctor to determine if there are health- or medication-related reasons for your symptoms, the NIMH says.

The most successful treatment involves a combination of antidepressant medication and psychotherapy or counseling to help you deal with major life changes, emotions, and personal problems. If prescription medications are part of your treatment, take them as directed and don’t stop taking them without consulting your doctor.

Up to 80 percent of depressed people can be treated successfully. Most people receiving treatment for depression begin to feel better within six weeks.

Depression may feel so paralyzing that you find it hard to seek help. But most people who receive proper treatment rebound emotionally and take pleasure in life once again.