Stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is disrupted. The disruption is caused when either a blood clot or piece of plaque blocks one of the vital blood vessels in the brain or when a blood vessel in the brain bursts.

Strokes often result in long-term health problems, and sometimes death. But there are steps you can take to help prevent them.

The symptoms of stroke may occur suddenly. Weakness or numbness in the face, arm, or leg; confusion or difficulty speaking; and severe headache are common symptoms.

A ministroke, or transient ischemic attack (TIA), is a brief episode of stroke symptoms caused by temporary interruption of blood flow to the brain. Most people suffer TIAs without realizing it.

Many risk factors for stroke can be changed or managed. The most important of these is controlling high blood pressure.

Most strokes are ischemic—caused by blockage of an artery. When the blockage occurs, brain cells and tissues begin to die within minutes from lack of oxygen and nutrients.

When an area of the brain is damaged, which typically occurs with a stroke, an impairment may result. An impairment is the loss of normal function of part of the body.

Tests that may be used to help diagnose a stroke include a CT scan or MRI, and an electroencephalogram.

Treatment is most effective when started immediately. Emergency treatment may include medications to help dissolve the clot or reduce swelling in the brain.

Getting your life back after having a stroke can be hard work and a slow process. But it's important to know that in most cases, you can do it.