Rectal Pain

The rectum is the last four or five inches of the large intestine. The part of the rectum near the outside of the body is the anus. Rectal pain may be accompanied by intense itching, fever, and rectal bleeding with bowel movements. Obesity, pregnancy, chronic diarrhea or constipation, and some infections may contribute to the problem.

Causes

The most common causes of rectal pain or itching are hemorrhoids (swollen veins in the anal canal) and fissures (cracks in the skin around the rectum), abscesses (a cavity filled with pus), or fistulas (a tunnel between the anal gland and the buttocks that is usually the result of an abscess).

Self-Care for Rectal Pain or Itching

See your health care provider to determine the cause of your pain or itching. In addition to your prescribed treatment plan, there are several things that can help you to feel better.

• Avoid straining during bowel movements.

• Cleanse the rectal area well after each bowel movement, but avoid excessive cleaning or wiping. Try moistened wipes instead of toilet paper (or use them after you use the toilet paper).

• Use a soft, white, unscented toilet tissue to reduce irritation.

• Try applying cornstarch or talcum powder to the area.

• Use zinc oxide ointment to decrease chafing and to absorb excess moisture.

• Avoid prolonged sitting.

• Raise your legs when you are sitting, especially if you are overweight or pregnant.

• Apply cold compresses (such as ice packs, moistened wipes, or witch hazel) four times a day. Follow cold compresses with a warm bath or sitz bath to soothe and cleanse the area.

• If needed, take acetaminophen or use medicated suppositories to relieve discomfort.

Note: Anal ointments with a local anesthetic may cause an allergic reaction. These medications will have the suffix -caine in the name of the product or ingredients.

Special Concerns for Children

Sometimes a child will suddenly awaken with rectal pain and itching. This often means pinworms. Seldom seen but common and harmless, these small worms are contagious and may be picked up from contaminated food. If you suspect pinworms, call your doctor for an appointment. If your child has pinworms, wash your hands (and your child's hands) thoroughly after using the bathroom and before preparing food.

Preventive Care for Rectal Pain or Itching

Rectal itching or irritation is usually not a medical emergency and in many cases can be prevented. Wearing cotton, breathable underwear and loose clothing will help. Drinking plenty of water and eating fresh fruit and high-fiber foods will help to soften stools and prevent constipation.